Diagnostic accuracy of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to detect anti-Leishmania antibodies in patients with American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis: a systematic review

Authors

  • Andernice dos Santos Zanetti Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais
  • Camila Massae Sato Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
  • Fabiana Gulin Longhi Centro Brasileiro para o Cuidado à Saúde Informado por Evidências, Centro de Excelência do Instituto Joanna Briggs
  • Silvana Margarida Benevides Ferreira Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem
  • Omar Ariel Espinosa Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961042

Keywords:

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, ELISA, Accuracy, Diagnosis, Serology, Recombinant antigens, Novel antigens, Leishmaniasis

Abstract

American Tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious disease caused by several species of Leishmania. Even though the direct detection of parasites has low sensitivity, it is still the gold standard for the laboratory diagnosis of ATL. Recent studies have shown promising results of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) using recombinant antigens. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of ELISAs using novel antigens with the standard ELISA based on soluble antigens of Leishmania (SLA) to diagnose ATL. Studies that analyzed patients with ATL and studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ELISAs using novel antigens and SLA were included. The Fourteen studies from PubMed, Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (BVS), Brazilian Society of Dermatology, Virtual Health Library (IBECS), Literature in the Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Elsevier Embase, Cochrane Library, The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were included. The novel ELISA antigens showed a high sensitivity (93.8%-100%) and specificity (82.5-100%), a better diagnostic performance than SLA-based ELISAs (1-97.4% and 57.5-100%, respectively). Only 10 studies analyzed cross-reactions in serum samples from patients with Chagas disease, and only two studies reported a percentage of cross-reactivity. In this systematic review, the novel ELISA antigens showed better sensitivity and specificity with respect to SLA-based ELISAs. However, a meta-analysis should be performed to confirm this finding.

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Published

2019-09-19

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Diagnostic accuracy of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to detect anti-Leishmania antibodies in patients with American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis: a systematic review. (2019). Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De São Paulo, 61, e42. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961042