The palaeofloristic association of the Santa Maria Formation, Gondwana of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, represents a Dicroidium Flora, with elements related to the Pteridospermales, Equisetales, Ginkgoales, Coniferales and Pteridophylla. In this paper are described several species of Dicroidium (Gothan) Townrow 1957, which dominate the taphoflora and Tetraptilon Frenguelli 1950, a frond of uncertain systematic position