Geomorphological Evidences of Environmental Changes in Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/rdg.v37i0.149173Keywords:
Glacial Geomorphology, Glaciers, Upper Holocene, Sedimentology, MappingAbstract
The objective of this paper is to understand the glacial geomorphology of the proglacial environments of the Buenos Aires, Kenney and Flora glaciers in Hope Bay, Antarctica, between the coordinates 63° 23'S and 63° 26'S latitude and 56° 8'W and 57° 4'W longitude. Sedimentary, granulometric and morphological analyzes were carried out on 15 samples collected in 2017 for the identification of depositional geomorphological features and subsequent geomorphological mapping. The glacier fronts were delineated from Sentinel-2 and Quickbird images of 1988, 2008 and 2017 using the ARC GIS to identify the chronology of the shapes. The predominance of coarse grains, low selection, and high values of C40 in all samples indicate modification by erosive processes in supraglacial environment and/or transport distance after substrate peeling and grain fracturing by post-depositional physical weathering . The reconstruction of the holocene landscape of Hope Bay indicates glaciers with tens of meters of advance compared to the current front during the Little Ice Age (LIA). The geomorphological mapping and performed analyzes show recent environmental changes in the proglacial system, with formation of Hummocky moraines indicating the retraction/stabilization of the glaciers in the LIA, and recent recession moraines, which in the Buenos Aires glacier predominate in the 2008-2017 phase, on the Flora glacier in the period 1988-2008 and the Kenney Glacier in the 2008-2017 period.
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References
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TURNER, J.; COLWELL, S. R.; HARANGOZO, S. A. Variability of precipitation over the coastal western Antarctic Peninsula from synoptic observations. Journal of Geophysical Research, n. 102, p. 13999–14007, 1997.
WENTWORTH, C. K. A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. Journal of Geology, v. 3, p. 377–392, 1992.
BENN, D.I.; EVANS, D. J. A. Glaciers and Glaciation. Londres: Arnold, 734 p., 2010.
BENNETT, M. R. The morphology, structural 21 evolution and significance of push moraines. Earth-Science Reviews, n. 53, 197–236, 2001.
BENNETT M. R.; GLASSER, N. F. Glacial Geology - Ice Sheets and Landforms. Inglaterra: John Wiley, 364 p., 1996.
BIGARELLA, J. J. Contribuição ao estudo da planície litorânea do Estado do Paraná.Arquivos Biologia Tecnologia, v. 1, p. 75–111, 1946.
BIRKENMAJER, K. Geology of late Mesozoic magmatic rocks of Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula (West Antarctica). Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Earth Sci. v. 41, p. 49–62, 1993.
BOULTON, G. S. The development of a complex supraglacial moraine at the margin of Sørbreen, Ny Friesland, Vestspitsbergen. Journal of Glaciology, n. 6, p. 717–735, 1967.
BRAUN, M.; SAURER, H.; SIMÕES, J. C.; VOGT, S.; GOSSMANN, H. The influence of large scale atmospheric circulation on surface energy balance and ablation on King George Island, Antarctica. International Journal of Climatolology, v. 21, n.1, p. 21–36, 2001.
CUFFEY, K. M.; PATERSON, W. S. B. The Physics of Glaciers. 4a ed. Oxford: Pergamon/Elsevier Science, 380 p., 2014.
DEL VALLE, R. A., MORELLI, J. R.; RINALDI, C. A. Geology of new localities on Tabarin Peninsula, Northern Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic Science, n. 13, p. 323-328, 2001.
FITZSIMONS, S. J. Ice-marginal Depositional Processes In A Polar Maritime Environment, Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, v. 36, p. 279-286, 1990.
GLASSER, N. F.; HAMBREY, M. J.; Sedimentary facies and landform genesis at a temperate outlet glacier: Soler Glacier, North Patagonian Icefield. Sedimentology, v. 49, n. 1, p. 43–64, 2002.
GLASSER, N.F.; JANSSON, K.N.; HARRISON, S.; RIVERA, A. Geomorphological evidence for variations of the North Patagonian Icefield during the Holocene. Geomorphology, v. 71, n. 3–4, p. 263–277, 2005.
GUSTAVSSON, M.; KOLSTRUP, E.; SEIJMONSBERGEN, A. C. A new symbol-and-GIS based detailed geomorphological mapping system: renewal of a scientific discipline for understanding landscape development. Geomorphology, v. 77, n. 1–2, p. 90–111, 2006.
GOUDIE, A. S.; KALVODA, J. Recent geomorphological processes in the Nagar region, Hunza Karakoram. Acta Univ. Carol. Geogra., XXXIX, p. 135-148, 2004.
HAMBREY, M. J., HUDDART, D., BENNETT, M. R. AND GLASSER, N. F. Genesis of hummocky moraines‟ by thrusting of glacier ice: evidence from Svalbard and Britain. Journal of the Geological Society of London, n. 154, p. 623–632, 1997.
HAMBREY, M. J.; HUDDART, T. Englacial and proglacial glaciotectonic processes at the snout of a thermally complex glacier in Svalbard. Journal of Quaternary Science, n. 10, p. 313–326, 1995.
HUBBARD, B.; GLASSER, N. Field Techniques in Glaciology and Glacial geomorphology. West Sussex: John Wiley, 400 p., 2005.
KIRKBRIDE, M.P.; WINKLER, S. Correlation of Late Quaternary moraines: impact of climate variability, glacier response, and chronological resolution. Quaternary Science Reviews, n. 46, p. 1-29, 2012.
KRUMBEIN, W. C. Measurement and geological significance of shape and roundness of sedimentary particles. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 11, p. 64-72, 1941.
LEWIS, D. W.; MCCONCHIE, D. Analyticalsedimentology. New York: Chapman e Hall, 197p, 1994.
OVSTEDAL, D. O.; LEWIS-SMITH, R. I. Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia: guide to their identification and ecology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2001
PEREIRA, T.T.C.; SCHAEFER, C.E.G.R.; KER, J. C.; ALMEIDA, C.C.; ALMEIDA, I. C.C.; PEREIRA, A. B. Genesis, mineralogy and ecological significance of ornithogenic soils from a semi-desert polar landscape at Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Geoderma, n. 209–210, p. 98–109, 2013.
PETSCH, C. Evolução Hidro-Geomorfológica da Zona Proglacial da Geleira Collins, Ilha Rei George, Antártica. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Tese de Doutorado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2018.
ROSA, K. K. Formas e processos dos ambientes de deglaciação das geleiras Wanda e Ecology, Ilha Rei George, Antártica. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Dissertação de mestrado, 2008.
SCHAEFER, C. E. G. R.; PEREIRA, T. T. C.; KER, J. C.; ALMEIDA, I. C. C.; SIMAS, F. N. B.; OLIVEIRA, F. B.; CÔRREA, G. R.; VIEIRA, G. Soils and Landforms at Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula: Formation, Classification, Distribution, and Relationships. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. v. 79, p. 175–184, 2015.
SMITH, M. J.; CLARK, C. D. Methods for the visualisation of digital elevation models for landform mapping. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 30, n. 7, p.885–900, 2005.
SWINZOW G.K. Investigation of shear zones in the ice sheet margin, Thule area, Greenland. Journal of Glaciology, n. 4, p. 215–229, 1962.
TURNER, J.; COLWELL, S. R.; HARANGOZO, S. A. Variability of precipitation over the coastal western Antarctic Peninsula from synoptic observations. Journal of Geophysical Research, n. 102, p. 13999–14007, 1997.
WENTWORTH, C. K. A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. Journal of Geology, v. 3, p. 377–392, 1992.
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2019-07-04
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How to Cite
Costa, R. M., Petsch, C., Sotille, M. E., Rosa, K. K. da, Simões, J. C., Bremer, U. F., & Andrade, A. M. de. (2019). Geomorphological Evidences of Environmental Changes in Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Revista Do Departamento De Geografia, 37, 137-149. https://doi.org/10.11606/rdg.v37i0.149173
