POTENTIAL OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY USE IN BRAZIL - REVIEW

Abstract

The geothermal energy, originated from the interior heat of the Earth is an energy source that presents a solution to current energy and environment problems. There are basically two ways to use the geothermal resource, electricity generation and direct uses. The objective of this work is to present a literature review on the application of geothermal energy in Brazil, identifying studies of geothermal potential and successful experiences in the country. In Brazil, there are few studies on the use of geothermal energy, mainly due to the convenience of the country regarding energy issues, which is based on hydroelectricity. Throughout this review, it was possible to identified in Brazil, a potential utilization of high and especially, low temperature resources, the last one suitable for several forms of direct uses such as residential, industrial and agricultural, besides recreational. The feasibility of using geothermal energy in Brazil is still debated, but there is great expectations regarding the development of techniques that will allow the expansion of the utilization of geothermal energy in the country, like through the exploration of the geothermal potential of the Guarani Aquifer and the use of Geothermal Heat Pumps.