Ansiedade e depressão em estudantes de medicina: estudo transversal

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v101i6e-195874

Keywords:

Anxiety, depression, medicine, Students, medicine

Abstract

Introdução: A prevalência de depressão e ansiedade entre universitários vem aumentando nas faculdades de medicina, e o sexo feminino é apontado como um possível fator predisponente ao esgotamento mental. Este estudo visa elucidar fatores associados, bem como a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em estudantes de medicina, contribuindo no estabelecimento de medidas de prevenção e tratamento para futuros médicos. Métodos: Estudo transversal envolvendo 812 estudantes de medicina. Foram aplicados questionários sobre dados sociodemográficos, o Inventário de Depressão de Beck - (BDI-II) e o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck – (BAI). A análise estatística foi realizada no programa SPSS 22. A normalidade foi testada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk e as correlações foram avaliadas pelo teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Foi observada uma prevalência de 34,2% de depressão entre os estudantes, considerando sintomas leves, moderados e graves. Em relação à ansiedade, o nosso estudo observou a prevalência de 46,3%. Entre os participantes com ansiedade, 56,4% apresentaram sintomas de depressão, sendo 22,6% mulheres; 50,3% dos alunos com depressão apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade, sendo 19,6% mulheres. Após análise com regressão logística, os sintomas de depressão estiveram relacionados à ansiedade (OR: 4,3; IC95%: 2,6-6,8; p < 0,001) e ao sexo feminino (OR: 1,7; IC95%: 1,04-2,6; p = 0,0320). Os sintomas de ansiedade, após ajuste de regressão logística, estiveram associados à depressão (OR: 4,3; IC95%: 2,7-6,8; p < 0,001) e ao sexo feminino (OR: 1,6; IC95%: 1,04-2,4; p = 0,039). Conclusão: Neste estudo as estudantes do sexo feminino, foram mais propensas a desenvolver ansiedade e depressão. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para determinar se esse fenômeno se deve a mecanismos fisiológicos femininos ou a fatores sociais e culturais da sociedade patriarcal.

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Author Biographies

  • Joana Katya Veras Rodrigues Sampaio Nunes, Universidade CEUMA, Faculdade de Psicologia e Medicina, Departamento de Medicina

    Graduated in Psychology from Ceuma University (2002). PhD (2014-2018) and Master (2012) in Health Sciences from the Federal University of Maranhão (Medical Clinic in Mental Health - Depression, Anxiety and Spirituality in Medical Education). Professor of Medical Skills and Medical Psychology in the Medicine course at Ceuma University. She has experience in the field of Clinical Psychology, with emphasis on Subjective States and Emotion, working mainly on the following topics: family, depression, anxiety, spirituality. Technical responsible for the Instituto de Atenção a Pessoa

    Este artigo é parte da tese: “Espiritualidade, religiosidade e morbidades em estudantes de medicina: estudo em duas universidades brasileiras” de Nunes JKVRS. São Luís, [Tese - Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde], Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018.

  • Viviane Melo e Silva de Figueiredo, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)

    Graduate student in medicine at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA). She monitors volunteer Semiology (discipline fundamentals of medical practices). Student coordinator of the Academic League of Transplantation and Heart Failure (LATIC) and effective member of the Academic League of Oncology (LAONC). She participated in the Association of Medical Students of Maranhão in 2019.

  • João Vitor Soares Santos, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão.

    Medical Student at the State University of Maranhão

  • Natale Maria Lindoso da Silva Mendes, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão

    Graduated in Biological Sciences (Bachelor and Licentiate) from the Federal University of Maranhão (2016). She worked as a researcher at the Botanical Laboratory in the area of Germination and Dormancy in Invasive Plant Seeds (2009-20016). She did an internship at the Center for Basic and Applied Immunology-NIBA, in the line of "Schistosomiasis in the Periphery Neighborhoods of São Luís do Maranhão". He was a fellow of PIBID (Institutional Scholarship Program for Teaching Initiation/2012-2014) and a fellow for the international student mobility program Sciences without Borders, studying at Humboldt State University, United States of America (2014-2015), being a CAPES fellow in both occasions. She developed her final thesis on "Variation in Somatic Polymorphism in Seeds from Coastal Populations of Crotalaria retusa L.".

  • José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)

    Graduated in Medicine from the Federal University of Paraíba (1987), Residency in Internal Medicine at Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP; Residency in Cardiology at the Heart Institute of FMUSP; Specialization in Graphic Methods at Instituto do Coração of FMUSP; PhD in Cardiology from the University of São Paulo (2002). Post-Doctorate at Escola Paulista de Medicina; Specialist in Cardiology by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology; Specialist in Intensive Care by the Brazilian Society of Intensive Care; Specialist in Echocardiography by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology; Fellow of the American College of Cardiology; Fellow of the European Society of Cardiology; Fellow of the American Heart Association and Fellow of the SOCIEDAD INTERAMERICANA DE CARDIOLOGIA. He is currently Full Professor of Cardiology at the Federal University of Maranhão. He teaches cardiology, History of Medicine, Spirituality and Health classes at the Federal University of Maranhão; he is Professor of the Post-Graduate Programs in Health Sciences and the Post-Graduate Program in Adult Health at the Federal University of Maranhão; Effective member of the Regional Council of Medicine of Maranhão, Member of the Academia Maranhão de Medicina. Executive MBA in Health Management-FGV; Gestão em Saude-Einstein,,certification CBEXs Medportal in Healthcare E-leadership Has experience in Medicine, with emphasis on Cardiology, working mainly on the following subjects: heart failure, arterial hypertension and women's health.

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Published

2022-11-29

Issue

Vol. 101 No. 6 (2022)

Section

Artigos Originais/Originals Articles

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Copyright (c) 2022 Joana Katya Veras Rodrigues Sampaio Nunes, Viviane Melo e Silva de Figueiredo, João Vitor Soares Santos Santos, Natale Maria Lindoso da Silva Mendes, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto

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How to Cite

Nunes, J. K. V. R. S., Figueiredo, V. M. e S. de, Santos, J. V. S. ., Mendes, N. M. L. da S. ., & Figueiredo Neto, J. A. de . (2022). Ansiedade e depressão em estudantes de medicina: estudo transversal. Revista De Medicina, 101(6), e-195874. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v101i6e-195874