Study on the zoonotic cycle of tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area of a metropolitan region in the Northeastern region of Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202264060Palabras clave:
Transmission cycle, Eco-epidemiology, Tegumentary leishmaniasis, Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensisResumen
This study was conducted to characterize the transmission cycle of the tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in an old colonization area at Pernambuco State, Brazil. The aims were to identify autochthonous cases, sandflies fauna, domestic animals as possible reservoir hosts and the Leishmania species involved in this endemic area. A total of 168 suspected human cases of TL and 272 domestic animals (canine, feline, equine, goat, and sheep) were included. The sandflies were captured and identified by species. Patients were predominantly male and the average age was 37+18.1 years old. Of 85 patients who had skin lesions, 25.6% of them had direct positive smears for TL and 34 isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The confirmation for TL diagnosed by molecular detection (PCR) was almost three times more sensitive than the direct test [p < 0.001; PR = 2.72] associated with clinical examination. The Kappa test on PCR between two different specimens, biopsy, and skin lesion swab was 60.8% (p < 0.001). More than 200 specimens of sandflies (80 males and 159 females) were captured and identified as Lutzomyia whitmani (99.6%) and Lu. evandroi (0.4%). The detection of L. (V.) braziliensis by Real-Time PCR in the blood of a captured fed female was positive in 59.3% of Lu. whitmani. Of the 272 domestic animals included, 61.76% were male (n = 168). Thirty-six animals (13.2%) had lesions compatible with TL (34 dogs, 1 cat and 1 sheep) and 3 of them, all dogs, had lesions on the snout, showing destruction of cartilage and mucosa. The study suggests the participation of domestic animals as possible reservoirs. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the transmission cycle and take recommended measures in order to control the disease.
Descargas
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Cláudio Júlio da Silva, Juliana Figueirêdo da Costa Lima Suassuna Monteiro, Karina Patrícia Baracho de Lima, Cláudia Sofia de Assunção Gonçalves e Silva, Éricka Lima de Almeida, Samara Ferreira de Souza, Ângela Cristina Rapela Medeiros, Sinval Pinto Brandão-Filho, Stephane Naiara Carvalho dos Santos, Maria Edileuza Felinto de Brito
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.