Trayectorias de estrés familiar y laboral y su asociación con accidentes cerebrovasculares

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.20210550033253

Palavras-chave:

Accidente Cerebrovascular, Factores de Riesgo, Estrés Financiero, Agotamiento Profesional, Factores Socioeconómicos

Resumo

OBJETIVOS: Reconstruir tipos de trayectorias de estrés simultáneo en el dominio familiar y laboral en diferentes etapas de la vida y estimar su asociación con accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) en la vejez. MÉTODOS: Se utilizó una encuesta retrospectiva, cara a cara, y representativa de personas de 65 a 75 años en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile (n = 802). Se empleó un análisis de secuencias multicanal para reconstruir tipos de trayectorias de estrés familiar y laboral en diversas etapas de la vida y luego se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística para estimar la asociación de estos tipos de trayectoria con ACV en la vejez, controlado por factores tradicionales de riesgo cardiovascular. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron cuatro tipos representativos de trayectorias de estrés familiar y laboral: (1) Ausencia de estrés familiar y laboral, (2) Ausencia de estrés familiar, estrés laboral persistente, (3) Ausencia de estrés familiar, fuera de mercado laboral, y (4) Estrés familiar persistente, ausencia de estrés laboral. El 61,7% de la muestra siguió trayectorias marcadas por la presencia permanente de estrés familiar y/o laboral. Asimismo, el 18,3% tuvo una trayectoria caracterizada por la ausencia prolongada del mercado del trabajo. Las personas con trayectorias de estrés familiar o laboral persistente, así como aquellas con períodos extensos de inactividad, tienen más riesgo de desarrollar ACV. CONCLUSIONES: El estrés es un factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares que experimenta de manera prolongada muchas personas en distintas etapas y dominios de la vida. En consecuencia, los sistemas de prevención de este tipo de enfermedades crónicas deben enfatizar los efectos altamente nocivos de enfrentar cotidiana y acumulativamente experiencias de vida estresantes. Esto a su vez podría mitigar las múltiples consecuencias sanitarias y financieras asociadas al ACV.

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Publicado

2021-12-08

Edição

Seção

Artigos Originais

Como Citar

Jerez Ríos, M. P., & Madero-Cabib, I. (2021). Trayectorias de estrés familiar y laboral y su asociación con accidentes cerebrovasculares. Revista De Saúde Pública, 55, 101. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.20210550033253

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