Association of reproductive risk factors and comorbidities among molecular subtypes of Breast cancer in a Tertiary care Hospital
Keywords:
Reproductive risk factors, Breast cancer, Comorbidity, Hormone receptors, TissuemarkersAbstract
The reasons for the recently observed increase in the incidence of breast cancer in the Indian population
are not clearly understood, but thought to be largely explained by westernization of lifestyles and
changes in reproductive behavior, which characterize exposure to hormones. Our aim is to review the
reproductive risk factors and comorbidities and evaluate the association between molecular subtypes
of breast cancer. A hospital-based analytical case-control study was conducted among the breast
cancer cases with controls in a multispecialty teaching hospital for a period of one year. Totally, 130
subjects were recruited and an interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire to obtain
demographic and risk factor data, including tissue marker status (ER, PR and HER-2) obtained from
case files. Data were analyzed with SPSS-20 version. Results: The highest age group reported in this
study was 51- 60 years which has a 3.8 times increased risk compared to other age and the age group of
31- 40 have a decrease risk of 0.33. In this study, the percentage of post menopause (68%) and mothers
not breastfeeding (10%) was higher in cases compared to controls and a noted increase in the risk of
breast cancer with odds ratio (OR) of 2.745 (p= <0.0001) and 9.08 (p=0.01) respectively. Duration of
breastfeeding showed significantly (p=<0.0001)) moderate positive correlation (r=0.549, 0.457, 0.418
and 0.636) for luminal A, luminal B, HER+, and triple negative respectively. This study found that all
the reproductive risk factors do not have correlation with a molecular subtype of breast cancer except
breastfeeding. Post menopause and breastfeeding were common factors associated with all people
and could be modifiable to prevent the occurrence of breast cancer through lifestyle changes.
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