Effect of polycaprolactone nanocapsules loaded with essential oils on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis cases

Gabriela  Suthovski; Alcione  Santa Catarina; Diana  Paula Perin; Diana  Paula Perin; Rubiana  Mara Mainardes; Karina  Ramirez Starikoff; André  Lazarin Gallina; Maiara  Garcia Blagitz Azevedo; Fabíola  Dalmolin; Luciana Velasques Cervo; Dalila   Moter Benvegnú

Authors

Gabriela Suthovski Post Graduate Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production at Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Alcione Santa Catarina Post Graduate Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production at Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Diana Paula Perin Biological Sciences at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Diana Paula Perin Biological Sciences at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Rubiana Mara Mainardes State University of Centro Oeste, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazi
Karina Ramirez Starikoff Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
André Lazarin Gallina State University of Centro Oeste, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
Maiara Garcia Blagitz Azevedo Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Fabíola Dalmolin Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil
Luciana Velasques Cervo Post Graduate Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production at Fronteira Sul, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-1135
Dalila Moter Benvegnú Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná, Brazil http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3419-9674

Abstract

Bovine infectious mastitis is largely resistant to antibacterial treatment, mainly due to mechanisms of bacterial resistance in the biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. Melaleuca (MEO) and citronella essential oils (CEO) are promising agents for reducing or eliminating biofilms. Free melaleuca oil presented a medium Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.625% and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of 1.250%, while free citronella oil showed medium MIC and MBC of 0.313%. Thus, free CEO and MEO demonstrate bacteriostatic and bactericidal potential. We generated polymeric nanocapsules containing MEO or CEO and evaluated their efficacy at reducing biofilms formed by S. aureus. Glass and polypropylene spheres were used as test surfaces. To compare the responses of free and encapsulated oils, strains were submitted to 10 different procedures, using free and nanoencapsulated essential oils (EOs) in vitro. We observed no biofilm reduction by MEO, free or nanoencapsulated. However, CEO nanocapsules reduced biofilm formation on glass (p=0.03) and showed a tendency to diminish biofilms on polypropylene (p=0.051). Despite nanoencapsulated CEO reducing biofilms in vitro, the formulation could be improved to modify the CEO component polarity and, including MEO, to obtain more interactions with surfaces and the biofilm matrix.

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