Aroeira’s firebrand in an archaeological context: anthracology contribution to understanding the relationship between man and his environment

Abstract

The anthracology provides different information about use of plant resources by prehistoric Holocene populations either in the diet or in the use of raw material as a fuel for daily activities (lighting, kitchen, heat). A charred firebrand, a rarely found residue vegetal, was discovered in archaeological sediments dated to 2820±30 years BP (2914±40 years cal.BP) associated with the material vestige of the first ceramic people of Mato Grosso region, in the rock shelter Ferraz Egreja (Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso). Anthracological analysis of this firebrand allowed the identification of the Aroeira tree. The ecological and paleobotanical approach of this result allowed discussing on the taxonomic identification of this sample, and the use, selection and place of procurement of this plant resource by human groups.