Dimensions of customer experience in theme parks based on online travel reviews

Authors

  • Fabíola Fernandes Silva Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
  • Leilianne Michelle Trindade da Silva Barreto Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
  • Sérgio Marques Júnior Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v32i3p532-553

Keywords:

Tourism consumer behavior, Hospitality in tourism, User generated content, Tourism business management, Theme park

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dimensions of customer experience in the context of theme parks. With descriptive and exploratory character and a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach, the research was carried out from user generated content from the site Tripadvisor.com. Part of the obtained data was processed with the software NVivo 12 Pro for the test of word frequency and Ucinet 6 for Windows version 6.714 [32-Bit] and NetDraw 2172 for the network analysis method. The main results of the survey demonstrated that factors such as environment, services, interactions, and individual perceptions significantly interfere with the theme park customer experience. Furthermore, verifying that the variable attractions – rides and shows – and park structure have a higher centrality index, closely linked to obtaining fun and the construction of satisfaction, was possible. The reflections from this study can help the recovery of the theme park market in the Covid-19 pandemic and post-pandemic scenario.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Fabíola Fernandes Silva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

    Doutora em Turismo pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN. Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil.

  • Leilianne Michelle Trindade da Silva Barreto, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

    Doutora em Administração pela Universidade de São Paulo. Docente no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Turismo da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil.

  • Sérgio Marques Júnior, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

    Doutor em Agronomia pela UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista. Docente no curso de Engenharia Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Natal - Rio Grande do Norte – Brasil.

References

AECOM - Architecture, Engineering, Consulting, Operations and Maintenance (2020). Título do item/conteúdo/tema. Recuperado em outubro de 2020 de https://fortune.com/worlds-most-admired-companies/2020/search/?ordering=asc).

Ahmadi, R.H. (1997). Managing Capacity and Flow at Theme Parks. Operations Research, 45, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.45.1.1

Alexander, M., MacLaren, A., O'Gorman, K., & White, C. (2012). Priority queues: Where social justice and equity collide. Tourism Management, 33(4), pp. 875–884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.09.009

Ali, F., Kim, W. G., Li, J., & Jeon, H. (2018). Make it delightful: customers' experience, satisfaction and loyalty in Malaysian theme parks. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 23 June 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.05.003

Alnawas, I., & Hemsley-Brown, J. (2019): Examining the key dimensions of customer experience quality in the hotel industry, Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28:7, pp.833-861. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1568339

Altunel, M. C., & Erkut, B. (2015). Cultural tourism in Istanbul: the mediation effect of tourist experience and satisfaction on the relationship between involvement and recommendation intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, vol.4, n.4 pp. 213–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2015.06.003

Bernardino, A. I., & Carneiro, M.J. (2014). Fatores críticos de sucesso dos parques temáticos. Revista Turismo e Desenvolvimento, n.21/22, pp. 177-188. https://doi.org/10.34624/rtd.v3i21/22.12029

Beto Carrero World (2020). A lenda. Recuperado em 19 de outubro de 2020 de https://www.betocarrero.com.br/a-lenda

Bigné, J. E., Andreu, L., & Gnoth, J. (2005). The theme park experience: an analysis of pleasure, arousal and satisfaction. Tourism Management, pp.833-844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.05.006

Bolaños, I., Ribeiro, R., & Ramos, B.C. (2014). O poder do word-of-mouth e do conteúdo gerado por utilizadores na comunicação turística: o caso de uma agência de viagens à medida. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento; v. 2, n. 21/22, pp. 13-22. https://doi.org/10.34624/rtd.v2i21/22.11371

Chagas, M.M. (2015). Antecedentes do engajamento em boca a boca eletrônico positivo entre turistas. 271 p. Tese (Doutorado em Administração) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN.

Dong, P., & Siu, N.Y. (2013). Servicescape elements, customer predispositions and service experience: The case of theme park visitors. Tourism Management, vol. 36, pp. 541- 551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.004

Fotiadis, A. K. (2016). Modifying and applying time and cost blocks: The case of E-Da theme park, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Tourism Management, 54, pp. 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.10.013

Fotiadis, A., & Stylos, N. (2017). The effects of online social networking on retail consumer dynamics in the attractions industry: The case of ‘E-da’ theme park, Taiwan. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 124, pp. 283-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.06.033

Fortune. World’s most admired companies|Fortune. Recuperado em outubro de 2020 de https://fortune.com/worlds-most-admired-companies/2020/search/?ordering=asc

Freedman, J. L., Levy, A. S., Buchanan, R. W., & Price, J. (1972). Crowding and human aggressiveness. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 8(6), pp. 528–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(72)90078-9

Gastal, S., Castrogiovanni, C. (2003). Turismo na pós-modernidade (des) inquietações. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS.

Geissler, G. L., & Rucks, C. T. (2011). The overall theme park experience: A visitor satisfaction tracking study. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 17(2), pp.127–138. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766710392480

Gnoth, J., Bigné, E.J., Andreu, L. (2006). Waiting time effects on the leisure experience and visitor emotions. Advances in Tourism Research, pp. 255–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-045040-7.50025-X

Haahti, A., & Yavas, U. (2004). A multi-attribute approach to understanding image of a theme park: The case of SantaPark in Lapland. European Business Review, 16(4), pp. 390-397. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555340410547026

Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and nature of man. Ohio: Cleaneand.

Holbrook, M., & Hirschman, E. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), pp. 132–140. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2489122

Jensen, J. M. (2007). An empirical investigation of the relationships between hygiene factors, motivators, satisfaction, and response among visitors to zoos and aquaria. Tourism Review International, 11(3), pp. 307 – 316. https://doi.org/10.3727/154427207783948784

Jin, N., Lee, S., & Lee, H. (2015). The effect of experience quality on perceived value, satisfaction, image and behavioral intention of water park patrons: New versus repeat visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(1), pp. 82–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1968

Johns, N., & Gyimothy, S. (2002). Mythologies of a theme park: An icon of modern family life. Journal of Vacation Marketing, v. 8, n. 4, pp. 320-331. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670200800403

Kao, Y., Huang, L., & Wu, C. (2008). Effects of theatrical elements on experiential quality and loyalty intentions for theme parks. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, v. 13, n. 2, pp. 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660802048480

Liang, Z., & Dong, G. (2011). A study on tourist psychological capacity of theme parks and its influencing factors: A case study of Happy valley in Shenzhen. Human Geography, 26(2), 139, pp.143, 132. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2011.02.020

Limberger, P.F. (2015). Gestão do destino turístico: modelo de avaliação da experiência do turista com base nas online travel review. 215f. Tese (Doutorado em Turismo e Hotelaria) - Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Balneário Camboriú/SC, Brasil.

Limberger, P., Anjos, F., Meira, J, &. Anjos, S. (2014). Satisfaction in hospitality on Tripadvisor.com: an analysis of the correlation between evaluation criteria and overall satisfaction. Tourism & Management Studies, 10(1), pp.59-65. https://tmstudies.net/index.php/ectms/article/viewFile/648/1156

Limberger, P.F., Boaria, F., & Anjos, S.J.G. (2014) A relação entre a satisfação geral e as variáveis da satisfação na hotelaria em hotéis de excelência. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 8(3), pp. 435-455. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v8i3.803

Ma, J., Gao, J., Scott, N., Ding, P. (2013). Customer delight from theme park experiences: The Antecedents of Delight based on Cognitive Appraisal Theory, Annals of Tourism Research, V. 42, pp. 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.02.018

Ma, J., Scott, N., Gao, J., & Ding, P. (2017). Delighted or Satisfied? Positive Emotional Responses Derived from Theme Park Experiences. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34:1, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1125824

Milman, A., Li, X., Wang,Y., &Yu, Q. (2012).Examining the guest experience in themed amusement parks: Preliminary evidence from China. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 18, pp.313–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766712449374

Milman, A., & Tasci, A. D. (2018). Exploring the experiential and sociodemographic drivers of satisfaction and loyalty in the theme park context. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, pp. 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.06.005

Milman, A., Tasci, A. D.A., & Wei,W. (2020). Crowded and popular: The two sides of the coin affecting theme-park experience, satisfaction, and loyalty. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. V. 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100468

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, vol. 64, n.1, pp.12-40, New York University,Spring. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Valarie-Zeithaml-2/publication/225083802_SERVQUAL_A_multiple-_Item_Scale_for_measuring_consumer_perceptions_of_service_quality/links/5429a4540cf27e39fa8e6531/SERVQUAL-A-multiple-Item-Scale-for-measuring-consumer-perceptions-of-service-quality.pdf

Pine, II, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, 76, (4), 97-105, 1998. https://hbr.org/1998/07/welcome-to-the-experience-economy

Rocha, E.S. (2018). A influência das experiências memoráveis no engajamento dos turistas na mídia social virtual: perspectivas a partir dos parques temáticos Beto Carrero World (SC, Brasil) e Port Aventura World (TNG, Espanha). 310f. Tese (Doutorado em Turismo e Hotelaria) - Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Balneário Camboriú/SC, Brasil.

Roest, H. P., R., & Koelemeijer, K. (1997). Satisfaction with amusement Parks. Annals of tourism Research. Vol. 24, No.4, pp. 1001-1005. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00041-8

Ryan, C., Shih Shuo, Y., & Huan, T.-C. (2010). Theme parks and a structural equation model of determinants of visitor satisfaction: Janfusan Fancyworld, Taiwan. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 16(3), pp. 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766710372245

Secall, R.E. (2001). Nuevo Segmento Emergente de Turismo: los parques temáticos. Cuadernos de Turismo, 7, pp. 35-54. https://revistas.um.es/turismo/article/view/22571

Silva, F.F., & Marques Júnior, S. (2017). Fatores que afetam o encantamento do cliente do turismo de lazer a partir da experiência em parques temáticos. Revista Turismo - Visão e Ação - Eletrônica, Vol. 19, n. 1, pp.103-127. https://doi.org/10.14210/rtva.v19n1.p103-127

Slatten, T., Krogh, C., & Connolley, S. (2011). Make it memorable: Customer experiences in winter amusement parks. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 5(1), pp. 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1108/17506181111111780

TEA/AECOM (2019). Theme Index and Museum Index: The Global Attractions Attendance Report. Recuperado em julho de 2020 de https://aecom.com/content/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Theme-Index-2019.pdf

Torres, E, N., Wei, W., Hua, N., & Chen, P. (2019). Customer emotions minute by minute: How guests experience different emotions within the same service environment. International Journal of Hospitality Management. v. 77, pp. 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.021

Tripadvisor.com (2019). Recuperado em outubro de 2019 de https://www.tripadvisor.com.br/TravelersChoice

Tsang, N.K.F., Lee, L.Y.S., Wong, A., & Chong, R. (2012). THEMEQUAL—Adapting the SERVQUAL Scale to Theme Park Services: a case of Hong Kong Disneyland. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, v. 29, n. 5, pp. 416-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2012.691391

Valcic, I., Komsic, J., & Simpson, N.C. (2015). Ivestigating theme park service quality by using modified Themequal model. Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe, v. 3, pp. 453-466. DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.3541.9609

Varela, A.A., & López, J.A.P. (2019). Determinantes del éxito del Turismo de parques temáticos. Un estudio comparado: Disneyland París frente a Port Aventura. Revista de Ocio y Turismo (ROTUR), v. 13(2), pp.17-40. https://doi.org/10.17979/rotur.2019.13.2.5427

Walls, A. R., Okumus, F., Wang, Y., & Kwun, D. (2011). An epistemological view of consumer experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, v. 30, n. 1, pp. 10-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.03.008

Wong, K. K. F., & Cheung, P. W. Y. (1999). Strategic theming in theme park marketing. Journal of Vacation Marketing, v. 5, n. 4, pp. 319-332. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676679900500402

Wu, H.C., Li, M.Y., & Li, T. (2018). A study of experiential quality, experiential value, experiential satisfaction, theme park image, and revisit intention. J. Hosp. Tour. Res. 42 (1), pp. 26– 73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348014563396

Yoo, K. H., & Gretzel, U. (2016). Use and creation of social media by travellers. Em: Sigala, M., Christou, E., & Gretzel, U. (Eds.). Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality: Theory, practice and cases, pp. 189-206, Abingdon: Routledge.

Yoo, K. H., & Gretzel, U. (2016). Use and creation of social media by travellers. Em: Sigala, M., Christou, E., & Gretzel, U. (Eds.). Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality: Theory, practice and cases, pp. 189-206, Abingdon: Routledge.

Zhang, Y., Su, Q., Li, X., & Hu, X. (2013). Optimizing Theme Park Capacity through Spatial Design: A Case Study of WuhuFantawild Adventure in China. Conference: 18th Annual Graduate Education & Graduate Student Research Conference in Hospitality & Tourism At: Seattle, WA.

Zhang, Y., Li, X, Su, Q., & Hu, X. (2017). Exploring a theme park's tourism carrying capacity: A demand-side Analysis. Tourism Management, 59, pp. 564- 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.08.019

Published

2021-12-28

How to Cite

SILVA, Fabíola Fernandes; BARRETO, Leilianne Michelle Trindade da Silva; MARQUES JÚNIOR, Sérgio. Dimensions of customer experience in theme parks based on online travel reviews. Revista Turismo em Análise, São Paulo, Brasil, v. 32, n. 3, p. 532–553, 2021. DOI: 10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v32i3p532-553. Disponível em: https://www.journals.usp.br/rta/article/view/192548.. Acesso em: 19 may. 2024.